All the human researches, including clinical trials, should follow with the standards of Good Clinical Practice and Helsinki Declaration, and with all applicable regulatory requirements. This basic principle of medical ethics is applicable to the whole process of the clinical studies, from designing, conducting, monitoring, auditing, recording, analyzing, and reporting the results. It is also utmost important to ensure that personal information, privacy, rights, safety and wellbeing of the study participants are protected.

Animals possess their own lives and their basic rights, including but not limited to avoiding suffering, thus animals’ rights should be considered and afforded similarly as human beings.

When submitting the manuscript, the author must declare whether the research procedure used has complied with the ethical codes established by the committee for human research studies (of relevant unit, region or nation). The author must provide the approval from the relevant committee (the approval code must be stated in the article), and the informed consent agreement form signed by the test subject or family member must be provided on demand.